The former player: 'I really wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Warning: This piece contains descriptions of discriminatory comments and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to expose racial discrimination in rugby union led his professional journey to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I wanted to carry on playing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries underway.
"This situation was difficult - I had to just accept the fate and accept that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather enough evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told journalists he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just begin to think that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually motivated to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has placed significant focus on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a substantial amount of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are ongoing work with teams and partners in the elite level to work for a environment of acceptance but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building welcoming environments, with its success monitored via individual reports and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your playing days, but in our eyes, you have done so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in his hometown, continues his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization works to connect with young people in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the field with free sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My motivations are pure, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to share their story then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the game as excellent as it can be and the more I talk about it perhaps the more confident fellow players will become about discussing their own experiences as well.
"I take the bull by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and keep supporting this weight and do what I can to create possibilities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly believe that the sport has the potential to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in November 2022